Jacob Amman , The first illiterate Amishman ?
Sunday, November 7th, 2010Revised -12-10……………..And now , the very first Amishman ever , appears to very probably have been illiterate , unable to write anything more then his initials , and that crudely , and perhaps not able to read much , either .
In today’s world , to be illiterate is considered a sign of a somewhat backwards person . Add to that the word Amish ,and you may have something to be appreciative of .
In this day and age , that would be a very unusual state for an intelligent man like that to be in . In the late 1600′s this was a very common thing to be ,untaught in letters , and unless you happened to be fortunate and be educated , you were illiterate .
That Jacob Amman (Jakob Ammann) was a very smart and articulate man , is not in doubt . After all , the Amish today almost revere him ,as the No. 1 Amish man , the very first one of them . Skewering his Spiritual foes with words , if not in deeds ,was his specialty.
So we will here lay out a few things we have found about him , 300 years after his times.
1. There are about 50 documents that bear Jacob Amman’s name or initials that are known of today. His religious tracts , or decrees , almost all have his full name written out . They also have a tone that even today says they were dictated to , and most probably written out by someone else , who could write. Certain phrases like “I, Jakob Ammann” are completely foreign to Anabaptist writers of that time , who would never put their own names in the forefront of anything . That he was a speaker of great talent , and able to keep up with anyone in an argument , is not in doubt at all. A skilled verbal warrior who never flinched , is in evidence by his actions . He was an Anabaptist Bishop , and as such excommunicated ,or banned numerous of his spiritual foes , once he even banned himself . The Amish today Applaud almost everything he is noted to have done like that .
He also brought back the practice of “feet washing” at communion . All Amish and most Amish rooted denominations still practice it today , without question as a doctrine . Almost all Anabaptist had dropped that at that time as a cultural thing , with the Spirit of Servant hood overriding the act of Feet washing at Communions.
We wonder , do churches that practice feet washing today ,have more ,or even as much Servanthood spirit , or unity, as Churches that do not practice that .?
2. And now we mention the official documents that still exist today in ancient official archives in Europe .Close to half a dozen legal papers have been found that pertain to Jacob Amman. In all of them his signature is a very crude , almost unrecognizable , J. A. The most fascinating one is this account. (Comer ,France).
The Anabaptist group there in the Markirch valley (Ste Marie Aux Mines area , only miles from the Wagler ancestral home village of Audre) were cutting wood one day when a tragic accident happened . An Anabaptist named Zimmerman , who happened to be quite deaf , got in the way of a falling tree and was killed. The group conferred and then did a quite surprising thing . They quickly , and quietly went and buried him ,without reporting the incident to the authorities . This may have been a time of a lull in the almost unceasing persecutions , and they perhaps wanted to keep away from all officials . However , the Authorities did get wind of it , as often happens in situations like that , and demanded answers to what happened . It mattered not that Anabaptist were still being drowned , burned , and what not in many parts of Europe even then . they hauled the leader Jacob Amman , in and questioned him about the accidental death of the citizen , and then a report was made out and Jacob Amman , as the Anabaptist leader signed it officially . Two very crude initials are followed by a french Official’s certification of his full name , and that “This Anabaptist man could not write ” ,” but that this was his Mark’.
I mentioned this to an Amishman who is quite well versed in Amish history , And his thought was that , as an Anabaptist of note , perhaps Amman pretended he could not read , to defer attention from himself . (Perhaps a clever ploy).
3. An official Baptismal record exists from the Swiss Reformed Church that lists Jacob Amman”s daughter as being Baptised and joined to the Reformed Church in 1730 . In it She described her deceased father as being an Anabaptist teacher and that he had died out of the Country . At least one Amish historian today believes he may have died in America , or on the way over to America . He may not have made it to the new lands , but his influence surely did .
4. If you are a part of an Anabaptist Amish or Mennonite Church that practices Feet washing at Communion services , You are influenced by Amman . This practice had been dropped by almost all Anabaptist except a few in Holland , when he insisted it was Biblical ,with no exceptions. When he insisted on anything , it was a do-or -die thing to him .
Very fascinating indeed.
(These historical accounts attributed to Wm McGraph, John A. Hostetler , and others)